Great Poet Kalidas

Kalidasa (kaalidaasa), the greatest Sanskrit poet and dramatist of India. Despite the celebrity of his name, the time at which flourished always been an open question, although most scientists now contribute to half of the fourth and early fifth century, during the reign of Chandragupta II and his successor Vikramaaditya Kumaaragupta. Permanent Kaalidaasa also home to important literary work, how often and minute geographic allusions in his works suggest that he traveled extensively.
Many works have been attributed to its author. Most of them, however, is less the poet of the same name, or other intrinsic value of a bit, "whose work has come to be associated with the name in their names Kaalidaasa ceased long before recalled. Only seven are generally considered genuine.
Games. There are three games, the first of which is likely Malavikaagnimitra (Malavikaa and Agnimitra) the work required to palace intrigues. This is of particular interest, because the protagonist is a historical figure, Agnimitra king, whose father, Pushhpamitra has torn the kingdom of northern India Maurya king about 185 BC Brihadratha and established the Sunga dvnasty, which held power for over a century. Vikramorvashiiya (Urvashii won value) is based on an old legend of the love of mortals celestial maidens Pururavaas Urvashii. The legend is in an embryonic state in a hymn of the Rigveda is a much more enhanced version ShatapathabraahmaNa.
The third game, AbhiGYaanashaakuntala (Shakuntalaa recognized Token Ring), whose work is better known Kaalidaasa not only in India but worldwide. This was the first work Kaalidaasa must be translated into English, which was translated into German in 1791, which caused the admiration often quoted Goethe. The raw material of this game, which is generally known in English only heroin Shaakuntala name is contained in Mahaabhaarata and in the form and PadmapuraaNa, but these versions seem crude and primitive compared to diamonds and at the end Kaalidaasa treatment history. A simple overview of the history of the game is as follows: Dushhyanta the king, while hunting, he meets the girl Shakuntalaa hermit, whom he married in ceremony Hermitage mutual agreement. Forced to state affairs to return to his palace, gives Shakuntalaa his ring, promising to send for her later. But when Shakuntalaa arrives in the courtyard of their meeting, pregnant with his child, Dushhyanta not recognize her as his wife because of the curse. Then he broke the spell that ring opening Shakuntalaa lost on the way to court. The couple meet, and all ends well.
Influence AbhiGYaanashaakuntala outside India is evident not only the abundance of translations in many languages, but also in its adaptation to the opera stage Paderewski Weinggartner and Alfano.
Poems. In addition, three games Kaalidaasa wrote two long epic poems, Kumaarasambhava (birth Kumaara) and Raghuvamsha (Raghu dynasty). The first is associated with events that led to the marriage of Shiva and Paarvatii daughter Himaalaya. This union has been coveted by the gods for a son, Kumaara, god of war, to help defeat the demon Taaraka. Cause of Kama, the god of love, love arrows to Shiva who came in meditation. Angered by this termination of his austerities, he burns his eyes Kama third eye. But love for Paarvatii was excited, and reached the highest point of their marriage.
Raghuvamsha is the family to which the great hero Rama belonged by his predecessors and encapsulate the major events described in the Ramayana Vaalmikii. But as Kumaarasambhava the past nine songs that are explicitly added another poet, Raghuvamsha ends rather abruptly, suggesting either that was left unfinished poet or his last play was soon lost.
Finally there are two lyric poems, Meghaduuta (Cloud Messenger) and Ritusamhaara (good seasons). The latter, if not entirely original Kaalidaasa should certainly be considered as part of the youth because it has a representation nature rather exaggerated and overly exuberant, as in other places, is not typical the poet. This tangential interest, however, that Ritusamhaara, published in Bengal in 1792, was the first book to be printed in Sanskrit.
On the other hand, Meghaduuta until 1960, little known outside of India, in many ways works better and more perfect than Kaalidaasa and certainly one of the masterpieces of world literature. Poem 111 rooms, founded immediately after pressing and yet most original stories. For some inexplicable negligence, Yaksha, or an assistant Kubera, the god of wealth, had been sent by the Lord through years of exile in the mountains of central India, far from his wife well loved on Mount Kailash in Himaalaya. During the opening ceremony of the poem, in particular, frustrated and unhappy at the beginning of the rainy season, when the sky is dark and gloomy clouds Yaksas opens his heart that embraces cloud to close the top of the mountain. He asks a simple concatenation of smoke, lightning, wind and water, is a message of consolation to his beloved, and his course northward. Yaksha then describes the many fascinating attractions that are Serbian clouds on the way to the fabulous Alakaa city, where his wife languishes between memories of him. During Meghaduuta, as perhaps nowhere as abundant in the work are Kaalidaasa unvaryingâ € º freshness of inspiration and charm, delight imagerry and imagination, a deep understanding of emotions, and the unity of natural phenomena . In addition, the fluidity and beauty of the language, probably unmatched in Sanskrit literature, a feature all the more remarkable for its inevitable loss in translation.